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Population differentiation under the charge state model.

A H Brown, D R Marshall, B S Weir

    Genetics
    |December 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    High migration rates are needed to explain genetic similarity in isolated Drosophila willistoni populations. This suggests either adaptive protein variants or selection against extreme charge variants in these island populations.

    Area of Science:

    • Population Genetics
    • Molecular Evolution

    Background:

    • Understanding genetic divergence in isolated populations is key to evolutionary studies.
    • The island model and charge state model provide frameworks for analyzing population structure and mutation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the extent of genetic divergence in partially isolated subpopulations.
    • To estimate migration rates in Drosophila willistoni island populations using electrophoretic data.

    Main Methods:

    • Formulated a model for genetic divergence based on the island model of migration and charge state mutation.
    • Calculated the ratio of inter-island to intra-island variance in charge for electrophoretically detectable alleles.
    • Applied the model to published data from six Drosophila willistoni island populations across eight polymorphic loci.

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    Main Results:

    • Derived an equilibrium ratio of variance: approximately 4Nemk²/(k-1)², where Ne is effective population size and m is migration rate.
    • Calculated migration rates exceeding 10 adults per generation per island to explain observed allelic profile similarity.
    • Observed genetic similarity contradicts assumptions of complete isolation and neutral variants.

    Conclusions:

    • High migration rates are necessary to reconcile genetic similarity with apparent isolation in Drosophila willistoni.
    • Protein variants may be adaptive and maintained by balancing selection.
    • Alternatively, neutral variants might be restricted by natural selection against extreme charge variations.