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Related Experiment Videos

The argument for increasing selenium intake.

Margaret P Rayman1, Margaret P Rayman

  • 1Centre for Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK. m.rayman@surrey.ac.uk

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
|July 23, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Selenium (Se) is vital for human health, acting as an antioxidant and supporting thyroid hormone production. Evidence suggests both deficiency and excess Se levels impact health, with low levels concerning in some regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Human Health

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral crucial for human health.
  • It functions as a structural component and enzyme in selenoproteins, notably as an antioxidant and in thyroid hormone synthesis.
  • Both Se deficiency and supra-nutritional levels can impact health, with declining Se status in some populations causing concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of selenium in human health.
  • To highlight the implications of selenium deficiency and potential benefits of adequate or higher intakes.
  • To discuss the association of selenium status with various health outcomes including immune function, viral infections, reproduction, mood, cardiovascular disease, and cancer risk.

Main Methods:

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  • Literature review and synthesis of existing scientific evidence.
  • Analysis of studies investigating selenium's role in selenoproteins and metabolic pathways.
  • Examination of epidemiological and intervention trial data relating selenium status to health outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Selenium is essential for antioxidant defense, thyroid hormone metabolism, immune function, and reproduction.
    • Se deficiency is linked to increased susceptibility to viral infections, impaired immune response, reproductive issues, and adverse mood states.
    • Emerging evidence suggests higher selenium intake may reduce cancer risk and benefit certain health conditions, though cardiovascular links remain equivocal.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenium plays a fundamental role in maintaining human health, influencing numerous physiological processes.
    • Addressing low selenium status is important for public health, particularly in deficient regions.
    • Further research, including ongoing intervention trials, is needed to fully elucidate the benefits of selenium supplementation and optimal intake levels for disease prevention.