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Related Experiment Videos

How the built environment affects physical activity: views from urban planning.

Susan L Handy1, Marlon G Boarnet, Reid Ewing

  • 1School of Architecture, University of Texas at Austin, USA.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|July 23, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Urban planning influences physical activity and health. Creating walkable, livable communities requires better data and refined measures linking the built environment to travel behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Urban planning
  • Public health
  • Transportation science

Background:

  • The relationship between the built environment and human behavior, particularly physical activity, is a key interest in urban planning.
  • Direct assessments linking urban design to personal health through physical activity are emerging but still limited.
  • Urban planning concepts offer a foundation for research on the built environment's impact on physical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how urban planning strategies, land use, and design policies can promote physical activity like walking and bicycling.
  • To examine the theoretical frameworks, such as derived demand from economics, used to understand the link between the built environment and travel behavior.
  • To identify key research challenges and suggest directions for future studies to strengthen the evidence base.

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Main Methods:

  • Reviewing existing research and theoretical frameworks connecting urban planning, the built environment, and physical activity.
  • Analyzing the concept of 'derived demand' in travel behavior as applied to the built environment.
  • Identifying methodological needs for future research, including refined measures and data integration.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests that urban design, land use, and transportation systems promoting walking and bicycling contribute to healthier, more livable communities.
  • The concept of travel as a derived demand is a current theoretical framework used to link built environment and travel behavior.
  • Current research faces limitations in developing alternative frameworks for walking, refining built environment measures, and collecting comprehensive, spatially matched data.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated urban design, land use, and transportation planning can foster active lifestyles and enhance community well-being.
  • Further research requires developing new theoretical models for walking behavior, improving built environment and travel behavior measurements, and enhancing data integration.
  • Addressing these research gaps is crucial for providing conclusive evidence on the built environment's role in promoting physical activity and health.