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Parasite Induced Genetically Driven Autoimmune Chagas Heart Disease in the Chicken Model
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Cellular expression of gut chitinase mRNA in the gastrointestinal tract of mice and chickens.

Masako Suzuki1, Wakako Fujimoto, Marie Goto

  • 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan.

The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society
|July 23, 2002
PubMed
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Acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) is found in the GI tract, aiding digestion and defense. This study maps its cellular location in mice and chickens, revealing expression in salivary glands, stomach, and liver during development.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Comparative Anatomy

Background:

  • Acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) is the second identified mammalian chitinase.
  • AMCase is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, unlike chitotriosidase.
  • Its expression suggests roles in chitin digestion and defense against chitinous organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the cellular localization of gut-type chitinase in mice and chickens using in situ hybridization.
  • To investigate the developmental expression patterns of gut chitinase in these species.

Main Methods:

  • In situ hybridization was employed to visualize chitinase mRNA.
  • Expression patterns were analyzed in adult and developing mice and chickens.

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Main Results:

  • In mice, chitinase mRNA was detected in salivary glands (parotid, von Ebner's), gastric chief cells, and liver.
  • In chickens, chitinase mRNA was found in proventricular oxyntico-peptic cells and hepatocytes.
  • Expression increased in mouse parotid glands and stomachs before weaning.
  • Chicken stomach showed chitinase signals from embryonic day 7.

Conclusions:

  • Gut chitinases in mammals and birds originate from salivary glands, stomach, and liver.
  • AMCase expression is developmentally regulated, with significant prenatal and postnatal changes.
  • This highlights the diverse roles and origins of chitinase in vertebrate digestive and immune systems.