Lysophospholipids in the limelight: autotaxin takes center stage

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a serum phospholipid that evokes growth factor-like responses in many cell types through the activation of its G protein-coupled receptors. Although much is known about LPA signaling, it has remained unclear where and how bioactive LPA is produced. Umezu-Goto et al. (2002)(this issue, page 227) have purified a serum lysophospholipase D that generates LPA from lysophosphatidylcholine and found it to be identical to autotaxin, a cell motility-stimulating ectophosphodiesterase implicated in tumor progression. This result is surprising, as there was previously no indication that autotaxin could act as a phospholipase.