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Specific IgE determination to Ani s 1, a major allergen from Anisakis simplex, is a useful tool for diagnosis
María Luisa Caballero1, Ignacio Moneo
1Centro de Investigación Clínica y Medicina Preventiva, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. mlcsoto@hotmail.com
Background:
The most serious limitation of the serodiagnosis of parasitoses is the occurrence of cross-reactions.
Objective:
The possible use of Anisakis simplex major allergen Ani s 1 for diagnosis.
Patients And Methods:
Forty-nine non-fish-allergic patients with Anisakis simplex hypersensitivity, 21 patients without allergic episodes suffering intestinal anisakiasis with obstruction of the intestinal lumen, and 10 unrelated sera as a control were included in this study to determine specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG to Anisakis simplex major allergen Ani s 1 by immunoblotting.
Results:
Eighty-six percent of patients with Anisakis simplex hypersensitivity showed specific IgE directed to Ani s 1. Identical result was obtained for IgG detection in this group. Among patients with intestinal anisakiasis, 86% showed specific IgE, but only 29% had specific IgG (P < 0.001, two-tailed Fisher exact test). One of the 10 control subjects was positive both for IgE and IgG (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Determination of specific IgE directed to Anisakis simplex major allergen Ani s 1 is a useful tool for the diagnosis of hypersensitivity and intestinal anisakiasis. Further, measurement of specific IgG directed to Anisakis simplex major allergen Ani s 1 is only valid for Anisakis simplex allergy.