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Regulating acute posttrauma distress.

James A Fauerbach1, Linda Richter, John W Lawrence

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Jhouns Hopkins Universtiy School of Medicine, Jhouns Hopkins Baywiew Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.

The Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation
|July 27, 2002
PubMed
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Using both emotion-approach and emotion-avoidance coping strategies may worsen posttraumatic stress symptoms. This study examined coping mechanisms in burn patients, finding combined strategies linked to higher symptom levels.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress symptoms can develop and persist after trauma.
  • Coping strategies significantly influence trauma recovery.
  • Emotion-approach and emotion-avoidance are two distinct coping styles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of emotion-approach and emotion-avoidance coping on posttraumatic stress symptoms.
  • To examine the development and persistence of these symptoms in acute burn patients.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed emotion-approach and emotion-avoidance coping frequency and intensity.
  • Measured intrusive, avoidant, and hyperarousal symptoms.
  • Studied two cohorts of hospitalized acute burn patients (N=71 and N=94).

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Main Results:

  • Patients using both emotion-approach (venting) and emotion-avoidance (mental distancing) had higher posttraumatic stress disorder symptom levels.
  • This association persisted even when controlling for baseline symptoms.
  • Combined coping strategies were linked to increased symptom severity compared to using one or neither strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous use of emotion-approach and emotion-avoidance coping may be detrimental to recovery from trauma.
  • Findings support theoretical frameworks on mental control and motivation in understanding trauma responses.
  • Clinical interventions may need to address the combined use of these coping mechanisms.