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Related Experiment Videos

[Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumours].

O Rena1, P L Filosso, E Ruffini

  • 1Cattedra di Chirurgia Toracica, Università degli Studi, Turin, Italy. ottavio.rena@tiscalinet.it

Minerva Chirurgica
|July 30, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Bronchial carcinoids, rare neuroendocrine tumors, require tissue sampling for diagnosis. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, with outcomes depending on tumor type and lymph node status.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Bronchial carcinoids are uncommon malignant neuroendocrine neoplasms primarily affecting central airways.
  • These tumors present as typical (low-grade) or atypical (aggressive) subtypes, impacting patients aged 30-70.
  • Symptoms often include cough, hemoptysis, or pneumonia, with rare cases involving hormone secretion syndromes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics, diagnosis, and management of bronchial carcinoids.
  • To highlight the importance of histological subtype and lymph node status on prognosis.
  • To discuss the role of somatostatin analogues in managing advanced disease and carcinoid syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on bronchial carcinoids, focusing on clinical presentation, radiological findings, and diagnostic methods.

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  • Analysis of treatment strategies including surgical resection, endoscopic procedures, and adjuvant therapies.
  • Evaluation of prognostic factors and the emerging role of somatostatin analogues.

    • Main Results:

    • Bronchial carcinoids typically appear as hilar masses on imaging, but definitive diagnosis relies on tissue sampling, often via bronchoscopic biopsy.
    • Surgical resection is the treatment of choice, with outcomes influenced by histological subtype (typical vs. atypical) and lymph node involvement.
    • Chemo- and radiation therapy show limited efficacy in advanced disease; somatostatin analogues aid in staging and managing recurrent disease and carcinoid syndrome.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis of bronchial carcinoids necessitates tissue sampling, with bronchoscopic biopsy being highly effective due to central tumor location.
    • Prognosis is significantly linked to histological subtype and lymph node status, with atypical carcinoids exhibiting more aggressive behavior and higher recurrence rates.
    • While surgery is primary, somatostatin analogues offer benefits in managing advanced or recurrent bronchial carcinoids and associated syndromes.