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Suicide.

Ronald W Maris1

  • 1Center for the Study of Suicide, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Maris@sc.edu

Lancet (London, England)
|July 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Suicide risk is complex, often linked to mood disorders. While prediction scales have limitations, treatments include medication, therapy, and sometimes electroconvulsive therapy for at-risk individuals.

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A comment on Robert D. Goldney's "A historical note on suicide during the course of treatment for depression".

Suicide & life-threatening behavior·2007
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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Suicide is a complex issue associated with psychiatric diagnoses, particularly mood disorders.
  • Identified risk and protective factors for suicide show global consistency with some cultural variations.
  • Standardized suicide prediction scales yield approximately 30% false positives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted nature of suicide, its risk factors, and current prevention and treatment strategies.
  • To highlight the biological markers and therapeutic interventions for individuals at risk of suicide.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of suicide causation, risk factors, and protective elements.
  • Analysis of biological markers, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations.

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  • Examination of pharmacological, psychotherapeutic, and other treatment modalities for suicide prevention.

    • Main Results:

    • Reduced CSF 5-HIAA concentrations are the most common biological marker in suicide cases.
    • Suicide prevention often involves secondary or tertiary interventions rather than primary.
    • Treatment commonly includes selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), other psychotropic medications, psychotherapy (CBT), and occasionally electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

    Conclusions:

    • Suicide is a complex phenomenon requiring multifaceted treatment approaches.
    • Effective suicide prevention and management integrate biological understanding with pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions.
    • Hospitalization may be necessary for individuals posing a danger to themselves.