Sub-zero cooling synchronizes post-diapause development of codling moth, Cydia pomonella

Area of Science:

• Entomology
• Insect Physiology
• Cryobiology

Background:

• Insect diapause is a crucial developmental strategy for surviving adverse conditions.
• Meeting chilling requirements and synchronizing post-diapause development are vital for insect population dynamics.
• Sub-zero cooling is explored as a method to manipulate diapause and development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate sub-zero cooling treatments (-10°C and -15°C for 2-6 days) for meeting diapause chilling requirements.
• To assess the synchronization of post-diapause development in insect larvae.
• To determine the effects of sub-zero cooling on longevity, reproductive output, and emergence.

Main Methods:

• Larvae were subjected to sub-zero cooling treatments at -10°C and -15°C for varying durations (2-6 days).
• Diapause duration was controlled (less than 6 months).
• Evaluated parameters included male longevity, female longevity, spermatophore production, fecundity, egg hatch, and time to adult emergence.

Main Results:

• Sub-zero cooling did not affect male longevity but influenced female longevity after prolonged diapause.
• Diapause-cooled males generally produced more spermatophores than controls.
• Sub-zero cooling generally reduced the time to and span of adult emergence, particularly at -10°C for shorter diapause durations.

Conclusions:

• Sub-zero cooling is a viable method for manipulating insect diapause and synchronizing post-diapause development.
• The duration and temperature of sub-zero cooling significantly impact developmental timing.
• Further research may optimize sub-zero cooling protocols for specific insect species and diapause management strategies.