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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Model to Study Bacterial Adhesion to the Vessel Wall Under Flow Conditions
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In Vitro and In Vivo Model to Study Bacterial Adhesion to the Vessel Wall Under Flow Conditions

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Dancing with the host; flow-dependent bacterial adhesion.

Ralph R Isberg1, Penelope Barnes

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02111, USA. ralph.isberg@tufts.edu

Cell
|August 2, 2002
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial adhesion to host cells is crucial for colonization. Certain pili, enhanced by shear stress, improve bacterial attachment to host surfaces like the epithelium.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Bacterial colonization of eukaryotic hosts requires direct attachment to host cells.
  • Adhesion is often mediated by lectins on pili in enteric bacteria.
  • Pili-mediated adhesion can be influenced by mechanical forces like shear stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of shear stress in bacterial adhesion.
  • To understand the mechanism of lectin-mediated pili adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing biophysical techniques to study pili-host cell interactions.
  • Simulating physiological shear stress conditions in vitro.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that specific pili exhibit enhanced adhesion under shear stress.
  • Identified lectin function as critical for shear-dependent attachment.
  • Showcased the importance of mechanical forces in bacterial colonization.

Conclusions:

  • Shear stress significantly enhances bacterial adhesion mediated by specific pili.
  • Lectin-mediated pili are key for enteric bacteria to establish niches on host surfaces under flow conditions.