Current status of laparoscopic ventral hernia repair

Ventral abdominal wall hernias are a common problem for the general surgeon. Historically, the best results have been obtained with the open Rives-Stoppa approach. This is done by fixing a large piece of prosthetic mesh behind the rectus muscle. Extensive dissection is required and can lead to postoperative pain and wound complications. A laparoscopic approach allows similar mesh placement with minimal dissection. Several small comparative studies have found laparoscopic ventral hernia repair to have fewer complications, a shorter length of stay, and possibly a lower recurrence rate when compared to open mesh repair. Large prospective studies have now confirmed these findings, with recurrence rates below 4%. This is significantly lower than the best reported rates of open mesh repair. Additionally, the morbidity appears to be significantly less. This technique is easily mastered by anyone with basic laparoscopic skills and is briefly presented.