New techniques in lamellar keratoplasty

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Corneal Surgery
• Refractive Surgery

Background:

• Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) has been the standard for corneal transplantation.
• Advancements in lamellar keratoplasty (LK) techniques offer potential alternatives to PKP.
• Various LK methods have been developed and refined over recent years.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and highlight the evolution of lamellar keratoplasty techniques.
• To discuss the potential of these advanced LK procedures as alternatives to PKP.
• To underscore their application in managing diverse corneal disorders.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent surgical techniques in lamellar keratoplasty.
• Inclusion of microkeratome-assisted procedures.
• Discussion of air/visco-dissection and sutureless techniques.
• Consideration of excimer laser applications for post-keratoplasty astigmatism and keratoconus management.

Main Results:

• Development of microkeratome-assisted anterior and posterior lamellar keratoplasty.
• Refinement of anterior lamellar keratoplasty with air or visco-dissection.
• Introduction of sutureless posterior lamellar keratoplasty.
• Application of LASIK and excimer laser-assisted keratophakia for specific corneal conditions and complications.

Conclusions:

• Lamellar keratoplasty techniques have significantly evolved, offering specialized alternatives to penetrating keratoplasty.
• These advanced procedures provide tailored solutions for various corneal disorders and post-surgical complications.
• Continued interest and development in lamellar keratoplasty are expected for corneal transplantation.