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Magnesium and trace elements in the elderly: intake, status and recommendations.

M P Vaquero1

  • 1Instituto de Nutrición y Bromatología, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain. vaquero@inb.csic.es

The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|August 9, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Elderly individuals often have inadequate intake of key minerals like magnesium, zinc, selenium, and chromium, while iron intake can be excessive, potentially increasing oxidative stress and age-related diseases. Tailored mineral recommendations are crucial for this vulnerable population.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Human Nutrition
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mineral imbalances are prevalent in elderly populations.
  • Ageing affects mineral bioavailability and assessment.
  • Specific mineral deficiencies (Mg, Zn, Se, Cr) and potential excess (Fe) are noted in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mineral intake, status, and bioavailability in the elderly.
  • To discuss the complexities of mineral recommendations for older adults.
  • To highlight the link between iron status, oxidative stress, and age-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of surveys on mineral intake and status in the elderly.
  • Analysis of factors influencing mineral bioavailability with ageing.

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  • Examination of current dietary reference values and recommendations.

    • Main Results:

    • Lower intakes of magnesium, zinc, selenium, and chromium are common in the elderly.
    • Iron intake is often adequate or excessive, potentially linked to increased oxidative stress.
    • Magnesium and selenium deficiencies are well-documented, particularly in institutionalized or ill elderly individuals.
    • Chromium deficiency is associated with type II diabetes mellitus.

    Conclusions:

    • Mineral status in the elderly is complex, with deficiencies and excesses coexisting.
    • Age-related changes necessitate careful consideration for mineral recommendations.
    • Individualized nutritional strategies are often required for optimal mineral status in older adults.