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Renal biopsies in Johor: a 7-year study
1Department of Pathology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Insights
A review of 407 renal biopsies in Johor Bahru found lupus nephritis to be the most common diagnosis. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis was the predominant lupus nephritis pattern, highlighting the impact of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Malaysia.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pathology
- Immunology
Background:
- Renal biopsies are crucial for diagnosing kidney diseases.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is prevalent in Malaysia.
- Understanding lupus nephritis patterns aids in patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the diagnostic patterns of renal biopsies in Johor Bahru.
- To identify the most common kidney diseases, particularly lupus nephritis.
- To compare findings with national data.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of consecutive renal biopsies from 1994-2000.
- Analysis of 407 adequate biopsies.
- Classification of kidney diseases based on histology.
Main Results:
- Lupus nephritis was the most frequent diagnosis (31.0%), with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (WHO Class IV) being the most common histological pattern (76.2% of lupus nephritis cases).
- Other significant diagnoses included minimal change disease (28.5%) and IgA nephropathy (9.8%).
- The observed morphological patterns were consistent with those reported in Kuala Lumpur.
Conclusions:
- Lupus nephritis is a major cause of kidney disease in Johor Bahru, reflecting high SLE prevalence.
- Histological patterns of lupus nephritis in Johor Bahru align with national trends.
- These findings underscore the importance of renal biopsy in diagnosing and managing kidney diseases in the region.
Abstract:
Consecutive renal biopsies received from 1994 to 2000 in Johor Bahru were reviewed. There were 441 cases, of which 407 were adequate biopsies (92.3%). Lupus nephritis formed the largest diagnostic entity (126 cases, 31.0%). This reflected the high prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in Malaysia. The most common histological pattern of lupus nephritis was diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis: WHO Class IV (96 cases, 76.2%). Other diagnostic entities were minimal change disease (28.5%), proliferative glomerulonephritis (10.6%), IgA nephropathy (9.8%), focal glomerulosclerosis (4.9%), membranous glomerulonephritis (4.4%), transplant rejection (3.9%), end stage nephropathy (3.4%) and others (3.4%). The morphological pattern of renal biopsies in Johor was similar to that reported in the University Hospital Kuala Lumpur.