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Systemic hypertension in patients with glomerulonephritis
Marcus V N Corpa1, Vitor Soares
1Botucatu Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil. mvncorpa@terra.com.br
Insights
Systemic hypertension is common in glomerulonephritis patients. This study found hypertension is linked to older age, not renal function or proteinuria severity, in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Systemic hypertension is frequently observed in patients with glomerulonephritis.
- The exact cause of hypertension in these patients remains debated: whether it stems from glomerulonephritis itself or secondary renal failure.
- Understanding factors associated with hypertension is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate factors associated with systemic hypertension in patients diagnosed with various forms of glomerulonephritis.
- To clarify the relationship between hypertension, age, renal function, and glomerulonephritis type.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 196 patients with different types of nephritis.
- Systemic arterial pressure was measured using a standard sphygmomanometer.
- Renal function was assessed via serum creatinine concentration or creatinine clearance, and glomerulonephritis types were determined by kidney biopsy.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of arterial hypertension among glomerulonephritis patients was 62.7%.
- Hypertensive patients were significantly older (30.6 years) compared to normotensive patients (25.4 years).
- Hypertension did not correlate with serum creatinine, albumin levels, creatinine clearance, or 24-hour proteinuria; minimal change disease showed lower hypertension prevalence.
Conclusions:
- In patients with glomerulonephritis, arterial hypertension is associated with a higher mean age.
- The intensity of proteinuria, level of renal function, or specific type of glomerulonephritis did not show significant differences between hypertensive and normotensive groups.
Unlabelled:
Although systemic hypertension is very common in patients with glomerulonephritis there is a dispute if this alteration is consequence of the glomerulonephritis "per se" or is a consequence of the renal failure secondary to the glomerular lesion. With the aim to analyze the factors associated with systemic hypertension, 196 patients with different forms of nephritis were studied. The systemic arterial pressure was measured by standard sphygmomanometer, renal function was evaluated by the determination of the serum creatinine concentration or creatinine clearance. The diagnosis of the type of glomerulonephritis was made on the basis of an examination of kidney biopsy specimens. The prevalence of arterial hypertension among patients with glomerulonephritis was 62.7%. The hypertensive patients were older (hypertensive = 30.6 +/- 12.8; normotensive = 25.4 +/- 1.6 years; P = 0.03). The prevalence of arterial hypertension was lower in patients with minimal glomerular lesion (12.5%), though their ages were also lower (18.1 +/- 3.6 and 29.1 +/- 1.03 years; P = 0.03). Arterial hypertension did not correlate with the serum levels of creatinine and albumin; creatinine clearance and 24-h proteinuria.
In Conclusion:
In the patients with glomerulonephritis, the presence of arterial hypertension was associated with a higher mean age whereas the intensity of proteinuria, the level of renal function or the type of glomerulonephritis was not different between the two groups.