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Traumatic subarachnoidal hemorrhage in the developing rat.

S Thomas1, F Tabibnia, B Herrmann

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Nordstadt Hospital, Hannover, Germany.

Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement
|August 10, 2002
PubMed
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Developing rat pups exhibit increased intracranial pressure and decreased cerebral perfusion pressure following traumatic subarachnoidal hemorrhage, leading to high mortality rates, indicating greater vulnerability compared to adult rats.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Experimental Neurology
  • Pediatric Traumatology

Background:

  • Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (t-SAH) is a severe injury.
  • Understanding the impact of t-SAH in developing brains is crucial.
  • Existing models often focus on adult subjects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and utilize an experimental traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage model in developing rats.
  • To compare the physiological responses and outcomes of t-SAH in young versus adult rats.
  • To investigate the vulnerability of immature brains to diffuse brain injury.

Main Methods:

  • A modified Marmarou-model was used to induce diffuse brain injury in Sprague-Dawley rat pups (21-25 days old).
  • Intubated and ventilated animals underwent continuous monitoring of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and intracranial pressure (ICP).

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  • Histopathological examinations were performed, and results were compared to adult rats subjected to a similar injury model.

    • Main Results:

    • In developing rats, ICP significantly increased post-injury (from 11.4 to 55.9 mm Hg) and remained elevated for 1 hour.
    • MABP initially rose but then decreased significantly, leading to a marked drop in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP).
    • A high mortality rate (60%) was observed in the young rats, with all brains showing severe basal cistern subarachnoid hemorrhage.

    Conclusions:

    • The increase in ICP following t-SAH in developing rats is primarily due to hemorrhage, similar to adults.
    • The high mortality rate in rat pups is attributed to the significant decrease in CPP.
    • Immature brains are demonstrably more vulnerable to traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage than adult brains.