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Related Experiment Videos

The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome is required during development for modified cell cycles.

Helena Kashevsky1, Julie A Wallace, Bruce H Reed

  • 1Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary

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The morula (mr) gene, encoding APC2, is crucial for regulating cell cycles in animals and plants. Mutations disrupt cell division, revealing APC2

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Animals and plants utilize modified cell cycles for development.
  • The mechanism inhibiting mitosis during endo cycles (S-G) is poorly understood.
  • The Drosophila morula (mr) gene influences multiple cell cycle types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the gene regulating variant cell cycles in Drosophila.
  • To elucidate the role of the morula (mr) gene in cell cycle control.
  • To understand the mechanism of mitosis inhibition in endo cycles.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic analysis of Drosophila morula (mr) mutants.
  • Characterization of cell cycle defects in mr mutants.
  • Molecular identification of the mr gene product.

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Main Results:

  • The mr gene encodes the APC2 subunit of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome.
  • mr mutations cause metaphase arrest in dividing cells.
  • Endo cycling nurse cells in mr mutants inappropriately reenter mitosis.
  • mr mutants demonstrate transient mitotic functions in endo cycles alter chromosome morphology.

Conclusions:

  • The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC2) is essential for blocking mitosis in endo cycles, not just proliferating cells.
  • The morula (mr) gene plays a key role in regulating both canonical and modified cell cycles.
  • Understanding mr function provides insights into developmental strategies involving polyploidization.