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A cervical propriospinal system in man.

Emmanuel Pierrot-Deseilligny1, Véronique Marchand-Pauvert

  • 1Neurophysiologie Clinique, Rééducation, La Salpêtrière, Paris, France. emmanuel.pierrot-deseilligny@chups.jussieu.fr

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 13, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral stimuli facilitate human upper limb motoneuron responses via a novel indirect pathway. This corticospinal input can switch from excitation to inhibition, revealing complex neural control mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Peripheral stimuli modulate motor cortex (TMS)-evoked responses in human upper limb motoneurons (MNs).
  • Evidence suggests these modulatory effects involve pre-motoneuronal pathways.
  • The precise nature and location of these pathways remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of propriospinal neurons (PNs) in mediating the effects of peripheral stimuli on upper limb motoneurons.
  • To elucidate the indirect pathway from the motor cortex to MNs via PNs.
  • To explore the interaction between direct and indirect corticospinal pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied over the motor cortex.
  • Recording of responses in human upper limb motoneurons (MNs).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Modulation of responses by peripheral stimuli and varying corticospinal input.
  • Analysis of EMG and H-reflex modulation during voluntary contractions.

    • Main Results:

    • Peripheral stimuli facilitate TMS-evoked responses in upper limb MNs at a pre-motoneuronal level.
    • Features suggest the involvement of rostrally located premotoneurones, distinct from segmental interneurons.
    • Increased corticospinal input reverses facilitation to inhibition, indicating activation of inhibitory interneurons.
    • Indirect evidence supports descending facilitation of PNs during voluntary contractions.

    Conclusions:

    • A distinct indirect (propriospinal) pathway exists for corticospinal input to upper limb MNs, alongside the direct cortico-motoneuronal pathway.
    • A balance between facilitation and inhibition, mediated by interneurons, regulates this indirect pathway.
    • Understanding these pathways is crucial for comprehending motor control and potential therapeutic interventions.