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Neonatal screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip on the maternity wards in Crete, Greece. correlation to
C Giannakopoulou1, A Aligizakis, E Korakaki
1Department of Neonatology, University of Crete, Greece.
Insights
This study found that developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) occurs in 10.83 per 1,000 newborns in Crete. Ultrasound screening for infants with risk factors or clinical hip abnormalities aids early detection and improves treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Orthopedics
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition requiring early detection.
- Risk factors and clinical examination are crucial for identifying infants with hip instability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate ultrasound's effectiveness in detecting and managing DDH in newborns.
- To investigate the incidence of DDH in Crete and its correlation with risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 6,140 newborns underwent standard assessments and physical examinations.
- Ultrasonography using the Graf technique was performed on high-risk infants or those with clinical suspicion of DDH.
- Treatment was guided by the Graf classification.
Main Results:
- Ultrasound was performed on 3.58% of newborns, identifying DDH in 10.83 per 1,000 infants.
- Pathological hip sonography findings were present in 32.30% of neonates with risk factors but normal clinical exams.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of DDH in Crete is estimated at 10.83 per 1,000, higher than in other parts of Greece.
- Selective ultrasonography is a valuable adjunctive tool for early DDH diagnosis in at-risk infants.
- Early diagnosis and targeted treatment improve management control for DDH.
Objective:
To evaluate the effects of ultrasound examination of newborns in early detection and management of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), and its correlation to known risk factors. The incidence of DDH in newborns throughout the general population of Crete has also been investigated.
Methods:
From 1996 to 2000, 6,140 full-term newborns were examined in the Maternity Department of the University Hospital. All received standard assessments, with their medical history recorded, and a physical examination performed on the first and the fifth postpartum days. Ultrasonography of both hips using the Graf technique was performed on the 15th day after birth on both high-risk newborns and those with any clinical suspicion of DDH. Treatment was initiated according to the Graf classification.
Results:
Ultrasound examination was performed on 220 newborns (3.58%). Ultrasound findings were positive in 65 neonates (10.83 per 1,000). Twenty-one neonates whose clinical examination was normal, but who underwent ultrasound because of the presence of risk factors had pathological findings on the hip sonography (32.30%)
Conclusion:
The incidence of DDH in Crete is estimated to be 10.83 per 1,000; higher than in the rest of Greece. Medical and family histories and clinical examination play an important role in the diagnosis of hip instability. Selective ultrasonography for all infants with risk factors, and those with clinical abnormality of the hip, is an adjunctive tool which aids early diagnosis and offers higher control in the results of treatment.
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