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Evidence that RDX biodegradation by Rhodococcus strain DN22 is plasmid-borne and involves a cytochrome p-450.

N V Coleman1, J C Spain, T Duxbury

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. ncoleman@gulf.net

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RDX biodegradation by Rhodococcus strain DN22 involves a plasmid-encoded cytochrome P450 enzyme. This discovery aids future bioremediation applications for explosive compound removal.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • RDX (hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) is a potent explosive compound.
  • Bioremediation offers a sustainable approach for degrading hazardous compounds like RDX.
  • Rhodococcus strain DN22 utilizes RDX as a nitrogen source, indicating its potential for biodegradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biodegradation pathway of RDX in Rhodococcus strain DN22.
  • To identify the key enzymes and genetic elements involved in RDX metabolism.
  • To assess the potential for using Rhodococcus strain DN22 in RDX bioremediation.

Main Methods:

  • Quantifying RDX degradation rates and nitrite production.
  • Assessing bacterial activity during different growth phases (exponential and stationary).
  • Investigating the effects of various inhibitors and inducers on RDX metabolism.
  • Utilizing acridine orange to generate RDX-minus derivatives and analyze plasmid loss.

Main Results:

  • RDX degradation produced 2 moles of nitrite per mole of RDX.
  • Highest RDX degradation activity was observed during the exponential growth phase.
  • Metabolism was inhibited by specific compounds and induced by others, suggesting enzymatic control.
  • Loss of a large plasmid correlated with the loss of RDX degradation capability.

Conclusions:

  • RDX biodegradation in Rhodococcus strain DN22 is mediated by a plasmid-encoded cytochrome P450 enzyme.
  • The identified RDX degradation genes are located on a plasmid and could be transferable.
  • This research supports the application of Rhodococcus strain DN22 for effective RDX bioremediation.