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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
Global Regulatory Systems01:28

Global Regulatory Systems

Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
Microbe-Plant Interactions01:09

Microbe-Plant Interactions

Microbe-plant interactions represent a dynamic spectrum of associations shaped by intricate chemical signaling. These interactions can be neutral, beneficial, or detrimental, and profoundly influence plant physiology, growth, and ecosystem function. The plant microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and viruses, plays a pivotal role in mediating these effects through surface colonization, internal colonization, or systemic symbiosis.Mutualistic associations, particularly with...
Regulation of Bacterial Virulence01:28

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...

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Related Experiment Video

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Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem
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Published on: October 1, 2015

Quorum sensing in plant-associated bacteria.

John Loh1, Elizabeth A Pierson, Leland S Pierson

  • 1Department of Plant Microbiology and Pathology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. lohjt@missouri.edu

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|August 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Bacteria use N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) for quorum sensing, influencing plant interactions. Novel findings reveal complex regulation beyond the classic model, with plants modulating bacterial communication.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant-Microbe Interactions
  • Bacterial Communication

Background:

  • N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) mediate bacterial quorum sensing (QS), regulating symbiotic, pathogenic, and surface-associated interactions with plants.
  • The classic LuxR/LuxI paradigm for AHL-QS is being challenged by new findings, including LuxR homologs acting as repressors and the influence of non-AHL signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complexities of AHL-mediated quorum sensing in plant-associated bacteria.
  • To highlight recent advances that deviate from the traditional LuxR/LuxI model.
  • To investigate the interplay between plants and bacteria through AHL signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advances in quorum sensing research.
  • Analysis of gene expression regulation by AHLs and related molecules.
  • Investigation of multi-QS systems and global regulatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • LuxR homologs can repress gene expression, not just activate it.
  • Non-AHL signals and signal mimics impact QS-controlled gene expression.
  • Plants produce AHL mimics and possess AHL degradative pathways, influencing bacterial communication.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial quorum sensing is more complex than the classic model suggests, involving diverse regulatory mechanisms.
  • Plants actively modulate bacterial AHL-mediated communication to influence interactions.
  • Understanding these complex signaling networks is crucial for controlling plant-microbe relationships.