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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

Macroscopically ordered state in an exciton system.

L V Butov1, A C Gossard, D S Chemla

  • 1Materials Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 94720, USA. lvbutov@lbl.gov

Nature
|August 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed a macroscopically ordered exciton state in semiconductors, a significant step towards creating quantum liquids. This finding in a quasi-two-dimensional exciton gas opens new avenues for semiconductor quantum fluid research.

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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
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Published on: September 26, 2014

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Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
08:04

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids

Published on: May 27, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Fluids
  • Semiconductor Physics

Background:

  • Quantum liquids, like superconductors and Bose-Einstein condensates, exhibit macroscopic coherence via ordered vortex arrays.
  • Achieving macroscopically ordered electronic states in semiconductors remains a significant experimental challenge.
  • Excitons, bound electron-hole pairs in semiconductors, offer a promising route due to their Bose-particle nature at low densities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize and observe a macroscopically ordered exciton state in a semiconductor system.
  • To investigate the potential of excitons to form quantum liquids and Bose-Einstein condensates.
  • To explore the spatial ordering and coherence of exciton systems.

Main Methods:

  • Photoluminescence measurements were performed on a quasi-two-dimensional exciton gas.
  • Utilized GaAs/AlGaAs coupled quantum wells to host the exciton system.
  • Spatially resolved measurements were employed to analyze emission patterns.

Main Results:

  • A macroscopically ordered exciton state was successfully observed.
  • The emission pattern exhibited fragmentation into periodic circular structures.
  • These ordered structures were observed over macroscopic lengths up to 1 mm.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates the formation of a macroscopically ordered exciton state in semiconductors.
  • This work provides experimental evidence for excitons forming quantum liquids under specific conditions.
  • The observed spatial ordering suggests potential for novel quantum phenomena in semiconductor-based quantum fluids.