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Bilateral thalamic tumors in children
Concezio Di Rocco1, Aldo Iannelli
1Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Summary
Primary bilateral thalamic tumors (PBTTs) are rare pediatric brain tumors. Surgical intervention is challenging due to bilateral involvement, with diagnosis often relying on histology, and tumors are typically low-grade astrocytomas.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurosurgery
- Neuro-oncology
- Brain Tumor Research
Background:
- The incidence of thalamic tumors is not well-established, and primary bilateral thalamic tumors (PBTTs) are even less defined.
- This study reports on 4 new pediatric cases of PBTTs.
Observation:
- Neuroimaging excluded midline or pineal involvement, suggesting distinct origins rather than contralateral spread.
- Lesions presented as symmetrical masses, confined to thalamic nuclei, often sparing white matter initially.
- Pediatric PBTTs did not present with dementia, unlike adult cases; symptoms included increased intracranial pressure and movement disorders.
Findings:
- PBTTs are typically low-grade astrocytomas (WHO Grade II), but anaplastic areas (WHO Grade III/IV) can occur.
- Surgical resection is difficult due to diffuse bilateral involvement, making histological diagnosis the primary surgical goal.
Implications:
- Understanding the unique presentation and histology of pediatric PBTTs is crucial for diagnosis and management.
- Further research is needed to explore treatment strategies for these rare pediatric brain tumors.
