Related Experiment Videos
[Infections and diseases after travelling]
1Institut für Tropenmedizin, und Medizinische Fakultät Charité der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. gundel.harms@charite.de
Background And Objective:
With intensifying international travel numbers of travel associated infections and diseases will increase. Systematic studies on infections and diseases with regard to the travel destination in tropical and subtropical areas are scarce in Germany.
Patients And Methods:
Data regarding travel destination, reason, type and duration of travel, symptoms, clinical findings, laboratory results as well as diagnoses of 2024 patients (male 1010, mean age 35 years; female 1014, mean age 33 years) presenting at the outpatient clinic of the Institute of Tropical Medicine Berlin after returning from travel to tropical or subtropical areas were assessed.
Results:
The most frequent reasons for consultation were diarrhea (33 %), fever (17 %) and skin affections (14 %). A definitive diagnosis was established in 31 % (635). Significant differences were found for prevalences of infectious diseases with regard to travel destinations. 1.5 % of the travellers had contracted malaria. Only 34% of the returnees from malaria-endemic areas had taken chemoprophylaxis; in case of travel to Africa and Asia, chemoprophyplaxis corresponded to international standards in only 48 % and 23%, respectively. Giardia lamblia was the most frequently detected intestinal pathogen. Blastocystis hominis was found to be significantly associated with diarrhea.
Conclusions:
Most of the travel-associated infections are self-limited. In case of fever, malaria and potentially hemorrhagic fever should be excluded and be followed by a stepwise investigation on the cause of fever. In case of diarrhea, parasitologic investigations should be performed by an experienced laboratory and fresh stool samples should be used. Intensive co-operation will be necessary between physician, pharmacists and others active in the field of travel medicine in order to address the shortcomings in chemoprophylaxis for malaria. An increasing need for expertise in tropical and travel medicine, especially among private physicians is expected.
Insights
Travelers returning from tropical areas frequently experience diarrhea, fever, and skin issues. Malaria and intestinal pathogens like Giardia lamblia are common, highlighting the need for better travel medicine expertise and chemoprophylaxis.
Area of Science:
- Tropical medicine
- Infectious diseases
- Public health
Context:
- Rising international travel increases the risk of imported infections and diseases.
- Systematic studies on travel-associated illnesses in Germany are limited.
- The Institute of Tropical Medicine Berlin serves as a key referral center.
Purpose:
- To analyze travel-associated infections and diseases in patients returning from tropical and subtropical areas.
- To identify common symptoms, diagnoses, and pathogens.
- To assess the adherence to malaria chemoprophylaxis guidelines.
Summary:
- Diarrhea, fever, and skin conditions were the most common reasons for consultation among 2024 travelers.
- Malaria was diagnosed in 1.5% of travelers, with suboptimal chemoprophylaxis use reported.
- Giardia lamblia was the most frequent intestinal pathogen; Blastocystis hominis was associated with diarrhea.
Impact:
- Findings underscore the need for improved diagnostic strategies for travel-related illnesses.
- Highlights deficiencies in malaria prevention, necessitating enhanced collaboration in travel medicine.
- Anticipates a growing demand for travel medicine expertise among healthcare providers.