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Galactogogues: medications that induce lactation.

Michael P Gabay1

  • 1Drug Information and Medication Use Outcomes Section, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.

Journal of Human Lactation : Official Journal of International Lactation Consultant Association
|August 24, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study reviews galactogogues, medications that enhance milk production. Metoclopramide is a preferred choice, while domperidone offers a potentially safer alternative for breastfeeding mothers.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Lactation Science

Background:

  • Galactogogues are crucial for initiating and maintaining adequate milk production in breastfeeding individuals.
  • Most galactogogues function by interacting with dopamine receptors, increasing prolactin levels to augment milk supply.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and safety of various galactogogues used to enhance milk production.
  • To compare the mechanisms of action and potential risks associated with different agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pharmacological agents and natural products used as galactogogues.
  • Analysis of studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action.

Main Results:

  • Metoclopramide is a well-documented and effective galactogogue, considered a primary choice.
  • Domperidone presents a potentially safer alternative due to lower transfer into breast milk and reduced toxicity risk.
  • Other agents like sulpiride, chlorpromazine, human growth hormone, thyrotrophin-releasing hormone, oxytocin, and fenugreek have been studied with varying outcomes and limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Metoclopramide and domperidone are key pharmacological options for augmenting milk supply.
  • Careful consideration of risks versus benefits is essential when choosing any galactogogue, including natural products like fenugreek.

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