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Cephalometrics in children with Down's syndrome.
Juan Suarez Quintanilla1, Benjamín Martín Biedma, Maximino Quintáns Rodríguez
1Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago, San Francisco s/n, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. cmjasq@usc.es
Pediatric Radiology
|August 27, 2002
Summary
Patients with Down's syndrome exhibit a reduced anterior skull base and protruding lower incisors, contributing to anterior cross-bite tendencies. These craniofacial findings are common in individuals with Down syndrome during their growth period.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Genetics
- Anthropology
Background:
- Down syndrome is a genetic disorder associated with characteristic craniofacial features.
- Understanding these features is crucial for orthodontic and surgical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the craniofacial morphology in patients with Down syndrome.
- To identify specific skeletal and dentoalveolar characteristics using cephalometric analysis.
Main Methods:
- Cephalometric analysis of lateral skull radiographs from 39 patients with Down syndrome (aged 7-18).
- Utilized Ricketts' method for computerized cephalometric measurements.
Main Results:
- Reduced anterior skull base length (53.8%) and normal cranial base inclination.
- Prevalence of anterior cross-bite (38.4%) and diminished interincisal angle (77%).
- Protrusion and proinclination of lower incisors (84.6% and 77% respectively) and lower lip protrusion (84.6%).
Conclusions:
- Skeletal findings include a reduced anterior skull base in growing individuals with Down syndrome.
- Dentoalveolar findings show lower incisor protrusion and proinclination, linked to anterior cross-bite and reduced overbite.
- Lower lip protrusion correlates with the position of the lower incisors.