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Sensorimotor integration in human postural control.

R J Peterka1

  • 1Neurological Sciences Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97006, USA. peterkar@ohsu.edu

Journal of Neurophysiology
|September 3, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Human upright stance relies on complex sensorimotor integration, adjusting sensory input to maintain balance. Vestibular loss impairs this sensory reweighting, requiring altered control strategies for stability.

Area of Science:

  • Human sensorimotor control
  • Biophysics of posture
  • Neuroscience of balance

Background:

  • Human bipedal stance uses sensory feedback (visual, vestibular, proprioceptive) for corrective torque.
  • Postural control must adapt to varying sensory availability and accuracy.
  • Sensorimotor integration is crucial for maintaining stance under diverse environmental conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate sensorimotor integration in postural control.
  • Examine how sensory reweighting affects stability in normal and vestibular loss subjects.
  • Quantify postural control parameters like stiffness, damping, and feedback time delay.

Main Methods:

  • Evoked anterior-posterior (AP) body sway using pseudorandom visual and/or support surface rotation.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline NeuroscienceNon-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured AP center-of-mass (COM) rotation in normal and bilateral vestibular loss (VL) subjects.
  • Analyzed stimulus-response data using spectral analysis (transfer and coherence functions).

    • Main Results:

    • Normal subjects exhibited nonlinear behavior with "sensory channel reweighting," increasing reliance on vestibular cues with stimulus amplitude.
    • Vestibular loss (VL) subjects showed linear behavior, unable to reweight sensory inputs.
    • Stiffness increased significantly with support surface amplitude, accompanied by decreased feedback time delay for stability.

    Conclusions:

    • Quiet standing involves a complex sensorimotor control system.
    • Vestibular loss necessitates altered postural control strategies, potentially involving increased stiffness.
    • The system dynamically adjusts stiffness and damping, primarily by modifying feedback time delay, to maintain stability.