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Lung function over six years among professional divers.

Marit Skogstad1, E Thorsen, T Haldorsen

  • 1National Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 8149 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway. marit.skogstad@stami.no

Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|September 3, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Professional divers experience significant declines in lung function, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Cumulative diving exposure is linked to reduced maximal expiratory flow rates, indicating diving

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Occupational Health
  • Diving Physiology

Background:

  • Professional diving involves significant physiological stress.
  • Longitudinal studies are needed to understand the long-term effects of diving on respiratory health.
  • Pulmonary function monitoring is crucial for assessing occupational risks in divers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate longitudinal changes in pulmonary function among professional divers.
  • To determine the relationship between cumulative diving exposure and lung function decline.
  • To compare lung function changes in divers with a non-diving control group.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 87 male professional divers was followed for six years.
  • Lung function tests, including dynamic lung volumes and transfer factor for carbon monoxide (Tl(CO)), were performed.

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  • Linear regression analysis was used to calculate annual rates of change in lung function variables.

    • Main Results:

    • Divers showed significantly higher annual reductions in forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) compared to non-smoking policemen.
    • Annual reductions in maximal expiratory flow rates (FEF(25%) and FEF(75%)) correlated with cumulative diving exposure.
    • Divers experienced a greater annual decline in Tl(CO) compared to the control group.

    Conclusions:

    • Professional diving is associated with significant, long-term reductions in key pulmonary function parameters.
    • Cumulative diving exposure appears to contribute to the observed decline in lung function.
    • These findings highlight the occupational risks of diving on respiratory health.