Massive hemoptysis after generalized tonic clonic seizure requiring mechanical ventilation

A 38-year-old woman presented with massive hemoptysis (>200 mL/ 24 hours) occurring abruptly after generalized tonic clonic seizure. She experienced similar episodes of hemoptysis on three later occasions. Although the coexistence of hemoptysis and seizure has been reported, albeit rarely, as a clinical manifestation of postictal neurogenic pulmonary edema, massive hemoptysis after seizure is an extremely rare event with no recurrent cases of such episodes having ever been reported. The coexistence of hemoptysis and seizure increases the difficulty in diagnosis for the clinician. We describe the differential diagnosis among the diseases capable of causing seizure and hemoptysis.