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[Inflammatory markers in infant asthma].

C Marguet1, L Couderc

  • 1Unité de pneumo-allergologie pédiatrique, hôpital Charles Nicolle, CHU, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France. christophe.marguet@chu-rouen.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|September 11, 2002
PubMed
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Wheezing infants show airway inflammation with a different cell profile than adult asthma, featuring more neutrophils. Macrophages and lymphocytes also play a role in infantile wheeze, indicating significant inflammation even in asymptomatic cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Context:

  • Wheezing is a common respiratory symptom in infants, often associated with asthma.
  • Understanding the underlying inflammatory mechanisms is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.
  • Infantile asthma presents unique characteristics compared to adult-onset asthma.

Purpose:

  • To review and comment on the main findings of studies investigating airway inflammation in wheezing infants.
  • To compare the inflammatory profiles of infantile wheeze with adult asthma.
  • To explore the roles of various immune cells and mediators in the pathophysiology of infantile wheeze.

Summary:

  • Airway inflammation is confirmed in wheezing infants through mediator measurements.

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  • Infantile asthma exhibits a distinct inflammatory profile, with predominant neutrophils and lower levels of eosinophils and mastocytes compared to adults.
  • Despite differences, eosinophil involvement cannot be ruled out; macrophages show potent inflammation even in asymptomatic infants, and lymphocyte subset (CD8) modulation suggests a role in disease pathophysiology, potentially involving viral contributions.

    • Impact:

    • Provides insights into the specific inflammatory pathways involved in infantile wheeze and asthma.
    • Highlights key differences between pediatric and adult asthma, informing targeted therapeutic strategies.
    • Emphasizes the importance of considering macrophage and lymphocyte involvement in the inflammatory process of infantile respiratory conditions.