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Defining character integrity.

Mardi Horowitz1

  • 1University of California San Francisco, 94143, USA. Mardi@itsa.ucsf.edu

Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
|September 11, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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This study defines character integrity using self-schematization and developmental perspectives. It identifies three types based on identity, relationships, and emotional control, aiding tailored therapeutic techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychoanalytic Theory

Background:

  • Review of previous research on character integrity.
  • Introduction of contemporary definitions incorporating self-schematization.
  • Emphasis on developmental perspectives of character growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To offer a contemporary definition of character integrity.
  • To explore the developmental trajectory of character integrity across the lifespan.
  • To classify character integrity into distinct types for clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis and synthesis of existing literature.
  • Development of a theoretical framework based on subordinate and supraordinate schematizations.
  • Typological formulation based on identity, object relations, and emotional control.

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Main Results:

  • A contemporary definition of character integrity is proposed.
  • Three distinct types of character integrity are identified.
  • These types are characterized by specific patterns in sense of identity, object relations, and defensive emotional control.

Conclusions:

  • Character integrity can be understood through schematizations of self and others.
  • A developmental view highlights potential growth in character integrity over the life cycle.
  • The identified types offer a framework for adapting therapeutic techniques to individual levels of character integrity.