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F1FO ATPase Vesicle Preparation and Technique for Performing Patch Clamp Recordings of Submitochondrial Vesicle Membranes
Published on: May 4, 2013
Molecular devices of chloroplast F(1)-ATP synthase for the regulation
Toru Hisabori1, Hiroki Konno, Hiroki Ichimura
1Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. thisabor@res.titech.ac.jp
Abstract:
In chloroplasts, synthesis of ATP is energetically coupled with the utilization of a proton gradient formed by photosynthetic electron transport. The involved enzyme, the chloroplast ATP synthase, can potentially hydrolyze ATP when the magnitude of the transmembrane electrochemical potential difference of protons (Delta(micro)H(+)) is small, e.g. at low light intensity or in the dark. To prevent this wasteful consumption of ATP, the activity of chloroplast ATP synthase is regulated as the occasion may demand. As regulation systems Delta(micro)H(+) activation, thiol modulation, tight binding of ADP and the role of the intrinsic inhibitory subunit epsilon is well documented. In this article, we discuss recent progress in understanding of the regulation system of the chloroplast ATP synthase at the molecular level.
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