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Related Experiment Videos

Epithelial barrier function: assembly and structural features of the cornified cell envelope.

Andrey E Kalinin1, Andrey V Kajava, Peter M Steinert

  • 1Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|September 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

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The cornified cell envelope (CE) is a protective barrier formed by stratified squamous epithelial cells. Its structure and protein composition are crucial for barrier function and can be altered in disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Terminally differentiating stratified squamous epithelial cells form the cornified cell envelope (CE), a specialized peripheral barrier.
  • The CE is an insoluble macromolecular assembly of cross-linked structural proteins, essential for tissue protection.
  • Lipid attachment to CE proteins in the epidermis and hair cuticle provides critical water barrier properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the current understanding of cornified cell envelope (CE) structure.
  • To propose a mechanism for CE assembly.
  • To review disorders associated with defective CE barrier function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CE structure and assembly.
  • Analysis of protein composition and cross-linking mechanisms.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of genetic defects and tissue injury impacting CE formation.

    • Main Results:

    • The CE utilizes a specific subset of over 20 proteins for final reinforcement, tailored to tissue-specific needs.
    • Protein selection for CE assembly can be upregulated in response to genetic defects or injury to maintain barrier integrity.
    • Covalent attachment of lipids to CE proteins is vital for water barrier properties.

    Conclusions:

    • The cornified cell envelope (CE) is a dynamic structure with adaptable protein composition crucial for barrier function.
    • Understanding CE assembly and protein selection is key to addressing disorders of defective skin barriers.
    • Further research into CE structure and regulation can inform therapeutic strategies for barrier-related diseases.