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Related Experiment Videos

The Fox and the thyroid: the amphioxus perspective.

Françoise Mazet1

  • 1School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, The University of Reading, PO Box 228, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AJ, UK. f.mazet@reading.ac.uk

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|September 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

The thyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary developmental biology
  • Comparative genomics
  • Chordate evolution

Background:

  • The evolutionary origin of the vertebrate thyroid gland remains debated.
  • Traditionally, the thyroid is believed to directly evolve from the endostyle, a pharyngeal organ in invertebrate chordates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary origins of the thyroid gland.
  • To explore alternative hypotheses for thyroid evolution involving gene recruitment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression patterns, specifically focusing on FoxE orthologs in amphioxus.
  • Comparative molecular and morphological analysis across different chordate groups.

Main Results:

  • A FoxE ortholog's expression pattern in amphioxus suggests recruitment from an adjacent pharyngeal region, challenging the direct endostyle origin.
  • This indicates potential genetic and morphological reorganization within the pharyngeal endoderm during thyroid evolution.

Conclusions:

  • The findings propose a novel scenario for thyroid evolution, involving the repurposing of genetic pathways and morphological restructuring.
  • The ancestral role of the FoxE gene family may have been restricted to pharyngeal development.

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