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Related Experiment Videos

Secondary paroxysmal dyskinesias.

Jaishri Blakeley1, Joseph Jankovic

  • 1Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|September 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Secondary causes account for 22% of paroxysmal dyskinesias (PxDs), a group of involuntary movements. Identifying these causes, such as trauma or vascular lesions, is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Paroxysmal dyskinesias (PxDs) are episodic involuntary movements.
  • PxDs encompass paroxysmal kinesigenic (PKD), paroxysmal nonkinesigenic (PNKD), and paroxysmal hypnogenic (PHD) types.
  • While often primary (genetic/idiopathic), secondary causes can exist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of secondary PxDs.
  • To identify specific causes and their latency periods.
  • To inform diagnosis and intervention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 76 patients with PxD.
  • Detailed review of patient history, PxD type, and potential causative factors.
  • Categorization of PxD types and identified secondary causes.

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Main Results:

  • 17 out of 76 patients (22%) had identifiable secondary causes for PxD.
  • Common causes included peripheral/central trauma, vascular lesions, and kernicterus.
  • Latency from insult to onset varied widely (days to 18 years).
  • Hemidystonia was the most frequent presentation.
  • Anticonvulsants, clonazepam, and botulinum toxin showed some therapeutic benefit.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of PxDs result from secondary causes.
  • Recognizing diverse triggers and presentations is key for accurate diagnosis.
  • Early identification of secondary PxDs enables prompt management and intervention.