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Related Experiment Videos

Autoimmune reactions in HBV and HCV.

Z Michalska1, P Stalke, K Witczak-Malinowska

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University in Gdańsk, ul. Smoluchowskiego 18, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland.

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|September 6, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) infections can lead to autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Careful consideration of treatment is crucial for patients with these co-occurring conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Hepatotropic viruses, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV), are known to trigger autoimmune reactions, leading to autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).
  • Assessing the clinical presentation and treatment strategies for AIH in patients coinfected with HBV or HCV is essential for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical course of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in patients coinfected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) or Hepatitis C virus (HCV).
  • To review and analyze the treatment methods employed for AIH in the context of HBV and HCV infections.

Main Methods:

  • Selected 21 out of 120 AIH patients qualifying for antiviral therapy, comprising 16 with HCV and 5 with HBV.
  • AIH diagnosis utilized international criteria, including biochemical tests, autoantibodies (ANA, SMA, anti-LKM1, pANCA), and liver morphology.

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  • HBV infection confirmed by HBV markers; HCV infection by anti-HCV and HCV RNA presence.

    • Main Results:

    • AIH diagnosis in HCV patients was often concurrent with qualification for antiviral treatment.
    • A spectrum of autoantibodies was observed, including ANA, SMA, and anti-LKM1.
    • Six patients had concurrent immune disorders (thrombocytopenia, vasculitis, arthritis, lupus erythematosus).
    • HBV-associated AIH patients (HBeAg-negative) developed AIH symptoms 5-18 years post-HBV diagnosis, with SMA and ANA observed.
    • Treatment modalities included adrenocortical hormones, azathioprine, and interferon, with some patients receiving no treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with HBV and HCV infections can present with features of AIH.
    • The manifestation of AIH in the context of HBV and HCV necessitates careful treatment selection.