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[A clinical study on male patients with systemic lupus erythema]
1Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410008.
Insights
Male patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) show distinct characteristics, including a higher incidence of kidney involvement and worse outcomes. Early diagnosis and tailored treatments are crucial for improving prognosis in men with SLE.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with varying clinical presentations.
- Understanding sex-specific differences in SLE is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the unique clinical and laboratory features of male patients diagnosed with SLE.
- To compare the characteristics of male SLE patients with their female counterparts.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data from 46 male SLE patients.
- Comparison of male SLE patient data against a cohort of 269 female SLE patients.
Main Results:
- Male SLE patients exhibited a higher prevalence of family history, pleurisy, pericarditis, lupus nephritis (LN), proteinuria, renal failure, and anti-Sm antibody positivity.
- Conversely, males presented less frequently with facial erythema, Raynaud's phenomenon, and photoallergy compared to females.
- Diagnosis was delayed in males, leading to lower recovery rates and higher mortality.
Conclusions:
- Male SLE is characterized by a significant genetic predisposition, atypical clinical manifestations, severe renal involvement, and a poorer prognosis.
- These findings underscore the need for heightened awareness and potentially different diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for male SLE patients.
Abstract:
To know the clinical characteristics of male patients with systemic lupus erythema(SLE), the clinical and laboratory indications of 46 male SLE patients were analysed and compared with those of 269 females. The results showed that: 1. There was family history in 21.28% of male patients. 2. As compared with female SLE patients, pleurisy, pericarditis, lupus nephritis(LN), proteinuria, renal failure, the incidence of types, V-LN and the positive rate of Sm antibody were more common in males while facial erythema, Raynaud's phenomenon and photoallergy were less in male. There were statistical differences between the male and female. 3. The confirmed diagnosis for the male SLE was delayed. The recovery rate was lower and the mortality was higher in males. These findings suggest that evident genetic predisposition, atypical clinical manifestations, serious renal injury and the worse prognosis are the characteristics of male SLE.