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Related Experiment Videos

Presenting risks and benefits to patients.

George R Bergus1, Irwin P Levin, Arthur S Elstein

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. george-bergus@uiowa.edu

Journal of General Internal Medicine
|September 6, 2002
PubMed
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Patient perception of low-risk treatments is swayed by the order of risk and benefit information. Learning risks after benefits decreases favorability and consent, unlike with high-risk interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Decision Making
  • Health Communication
  • Patient Behavior

Background:

  • The order in which patients receive information about treatment risks and benefits can influence their perceptions and decisions.
  • Understanding these order effects is crucial for effective patient counseling and informed consent, particularly for low-risk interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if the sequence of presenting treatment risks and benefits affects patient judgment.
  • To investigate if the magnitude of a treatment's risk or benefit moderates this order effect.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized controlled trial involving 685 adult participants.
  • Participants reviewed information brochures for three treatments: aspirin (low-risk/low-benefit), carotid endarterectomy (high-risk/high-benefit), and bypass surgery (high-risk/unknown benefit).
Keywords:
Empirical ApproachProfessional Patient Relationship

Related Experiment Videos

  • Information order (risk before benefit or benefit before risk) was randomized; participants rated treatment favorability and consent likelihood.

    • Main Results:

    • For low-risk aspirin therapy, learning risks after benefits significantly decreased favorability ratings and consent likelihood compared to learning risks first.
    • No order effects were observed for high-risk carotid endarterectomy or bypass surgery, irrespective of potential benefits.
    • When order effects occurred, participants reported reduced influence of the treatment's risk on their decision-making.

    Conclusions:

    • The order of information presentation significantly impacts patient evaluation of low-risk medical interventions.
    • Presenting risks after benefits may lead to less favorable patient impressions and reduced consent for low-risk treatments.
    • Order effects are not apparent for high-risk treatments, suggesting risk perception may override information sequencing.