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Orbital and adnexal cysticercosis
Neelam Pushker1, Mandeep S Bajaj, Subhash M Betharia
1Oculoplastic and Paediatric Ophthalmology Services, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
|September 6, 2002
Summary
Orbital cysticercosis, a parasitic infection, is more common than previously thought, affecting children and young adults. Diagnosis relies on imaging, with varied treatments based on cyst location.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Orbital and adnexal cysticercosis is increasingly recognized in both endemic and nonendemic regions.
- This condition predominantly affects children and young adults, with no significant gender bias.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current literature on orbital and adnexal cysticercosis.
- To summarize its epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of orbital and adnexal cysticercosis cases.
- Analysis of reported data on patient demographics, cyst locations, clinical features, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- The extraocular muscle form is the most common presentation, followed by subconjunctival and eyelid involvement.
- Orbital imaging is crucial for diagnosis, often negating the need for tissue confirmation.
- Systemic cysticercosis co-occurrence is rare.
Conclusions:
- Orbital cysticercosis presents diverse clinical manifestations depending on cyst characteristics and location.
- Treatment varies: medical therapy for muscle and retro-orbital forms, surgical for subconjunctival and eyelid.
- Management for optic nerve and lacrimal gland cysticercosis remains debated due to limited case data.