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Scrofuloderma after BCG vaccination.

Hüseyin Tan1, Ali Karakuzu, Adem Arik

  • 1Departments of Pediatrics and Dermatology, Atatürk University, Medical School, Erzurum, Turkey.

Pediatric Dermatology
|September 11, 2002
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of scrofuloderma, a skin infection, occurred in an infant after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Lesions appeared at the vaccination site and in the neck area, confirmed by histopathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Mycobacterial Infections

Background:

  • Scrofuloderma is a cutaneous form of tuberculosis, typically affecting the head and neck.
  • Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is a common procedure in many countries to prevent tuberculosis.
  • Cutaneous reactions following BCG vaccination can occur, though scrofuloderma is rare.

Observation:

  • A 7-month-old boy presented with a cervical lesion and sinus tract.
  • Ulcerated erythematous lesions were observed on the left deltoid and forearm.
  • These sites corresponded to where BCG vaccination and a purified protein derivative (PPD) test were administered.

Findings:

  • Clinical presentation was consistent with scrofuloderma.
  • Histopathologic examination supported the diagnosis of scrofuloderma.
  • The findings suggest a potential link between BCG vaccination and subsequent scrofuloderma development.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a rare but serious adverse reaction to BCG vaccination.
  • Early recognition and diagnosis of scrofuloderma are crucial for appropriate management.
  • Further investigation may be warranted to understand the pathogenesis of post-BCG scrofuloderma.

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