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Related Experiment Videos

Substantive antimicrobial activity in chlorhexidine-treated human root dentin.

Bettina Basrani1, J Miguel Santos, Leo Tjäderhane

  • 1Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. bettina.basrani@dal.ca

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
|September 11, 2002
PubMed
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A 7-day application of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) demonstrated significant residual antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis in human root dentin. Lower concentrations and other medicaments showed no significant effect compared to controls.

Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Microbiology
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Root canal infections often involve persistent bacteria like Enterococcus faecalis.
  • Effective intracanal medicaments are crucial for eliminating intraradicular bacteria during endodontic treatment.
  • Assessing the sustained antimicrobial efficacy of various medicaments within dentinal tubules is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the substantive antimicrobial activity of different intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis in human root dentin.
  • To compare the efficacy of various concentrations and formulations of chlorhexidine (CHX) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).

Main Methods:

  • Human root canals were prepared and medicated for 7 days with 2% CHX gel, 0.2% CHX gel, 2% CHX solution, Ca(OH)2, Ca(OH)2 + 0.2% CHX gel, 2% CHX solution with a controlled-release device, saline, or gel vehicle.

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  • After medication, canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 21 days.
  • Dentin samples were cultured, and bacterial growth was quantified using spectrophotometric analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Significantly lower bacterial growth was observed in groups treated with 2% chlorhexidine (gel, solution, or with a controlled-release device) compared to control groups (P < .05).
    • No significant difference in antimicrobial activity was found for 0.2% CHX, Ca(OH)2, or combined Ca(OH)2 and 0.2% CHX groups compared to controls.
    • The gel vehicle alone did not exhibit antimicrobial properties.

    Conclusions:

    • Intracanal dressing with 2% chlorhexidine for one week can provide residual antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis in root dentin.
    • Higher concentrations of CHX are more effective in achieving sustained antimicrobial effects within the root canal system.
    • Further research may explore optimized delivery systems for enhanced CHX efficacy.