Expression of the Cucumber Hydroxypyruvate Reductase Gene Is Down-Regulated by Elevated CO2

We examined the effects of CO2 concentration on the white-light-stimulated expression of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Hpr gene. Hpr encodes hydroxypyruvate reductase, an enzyme important in the photorespiratory glycolate pathway, which plays an integral role in carbon allocation in C3 plants. Because CO2 is an end product of this pathway and because increased CO2 concentrations lessen the need for photorespiration, we tested whether exposure of plants to elevated CO2 would affect white-light-stimulated Hpr gene expression. Exposure of dark-adapted cucumber seedlings to elevated CO2 (2 to 3 times ambient) during a 4-h white-light irradiation significantly inhibited the accumulation of Hpr mRNA. Increasing the CO2 concentration during irradiation to 6 or 9 times ambient did not further inhibit Hpr mRNA accumulation. The depressing effect of high CO2 on Hpr mRNA accumulation was seen in both high and low light, but was more pronounced in higher light. These results suggest that maximum sensitivity to CO2 occurs in conditions near those normally encountered by the plant (high light, CO2 concentration near ambient) and support a model in which white-light-regulated Hpr expression is modulated in part by environmental CO2 concentration.