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Decrease in efficacy and potency of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by chronic delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol

Rene Anikwue1, John W Huffman, Zachary L Martin

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
|September 18, 2002
PubMed
Summary

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Chronic Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) use may reduce the effectiveness of common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by altering the cyclooxygenase system. This suggests potential challenges in pain management for long-term Delta(9)-THC users.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Cannabinoids, like Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), can influence pain pathways.
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for pain relief.
  • Interactions between cannabinoids and NSAIDs are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antinociceptive effects of chronic Delta(9)-THC administration on various NSAIDs.
  • To explore the role of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) in these interactions.
  • To determine if chronic Delta(9)-THC alters the efficacy of NSAIDs in visceral nociception models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the mouse p-phenylquinone (PPQ) test for visceral nociception.
  • Administered Delta(9)-THC, anandamide, arachidonic acid, and NSAIDs via oral (p.o.) and/or intraperitoneal (i.p.) routes.

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  • Employed CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists (SR141716A, SR144528) and a CB2 agonist (JWH-133) to characterize receptor interactions.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic Delta(9)-THC administration significantly altered NSAID efficacy, with only diclofenac and acetaminophen remaining active.
    • Acute Delta(9)-THC effects were blocked by the CB1 antagonist SR141716A and partially by the CB2 antagonist SR144528.
    • Neither CB1 nor CB2 antagonists blocked the effects of NSAIDs, and chronic methanandamide did not alter NSAID antinociception.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic Delta(9)-THC administration appears to alter the cyclooxygenase system, impacting NSAID effectiveness.
    • This alteration is likely not mediated by chronic endogenous cannabinoid release.
    • Chronic Delta(9)-THC users may exhibit reduced responsiveness to certain NSAID analgesics.