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[Nutritional requirements and parenteral feeding].
Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Beiheft
|January 1, 1979
Summary
Nutritional needs are shifting from absolute values to graded parameters, emphasizing nutrient density per 1000 kcal. Parenteral feeding requires optimal coordination of supply, prioritizing anabolic factors and generous amino acid provision.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science and Metabolism
- Clinical Nutrition
- Biochemistry
Context:
- Understanding human nutritional needs governed by the law of the minimum and isodynamic rule.
- Shift from absolute nutrient requirements (g or mg/day) to graded parameters (minimal, acceptable, desirable supply).
- Importance of nutrient density (per 1000 kcal or MJ) in food formula planning and evaluation.
Purpose:
- To elucidate the principles of nutrient metabolism, including digestion, intermediary metabolism, and direct utilization.
- To address the specific challenges and requirements of parenteral feeding, including homeostasis and substrate coordination.
- To provide guidelines for optimal protein and amino acid supply in parenteral nutrition.
Summary:
- Nutrient metabolism involves digestion, intermediary coordination, and direct use, with similar principles for oral and parenteral routes.
- Parenteral feeding necessitates careful coordination due to limited uptake and reduced regulatory mechanisms, prioritizing anabolism.
- Optimal amino acid supply for parenteral nutrition should be generous, mirroring high-quality food protein patterns, with an E/T ratio around 3.
Impact:
- Highlights the need for optimal coordination of nutrient supply in parenteral feeding to enhance patient recovery.
- Emphasizes the importance of detecting latent deficiencies and improving overall nutrition to prevent hospital malnutrition.
- Provides a framework for evaluating and composing optimal amino acid mixtures for clinical nutrition.