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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

2.2K
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
2.2K
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

178
Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
178
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

368
Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
368
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

292
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
292
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

366
Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
366
Increased pulse rate01:17

Increased pulse rate

956
Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
956

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Related Experiment Videos

[Perioperative tachyarrhythmia].

I David1

  • 1Oddĕlení anestezie a intenzivní péce Ustavu pro péci o matku a dítĕ, Praha. ivan.david@volny.cz

Casopis Lekaru Ceskych
|September 20, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perioperative tachyarrhythmias, often linked to sympathoadrenal system activity, require prompt management. Beta-blockers and amiodarone are recommended for effective treatment of these heart rhythm disturbances.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Perioperative tachyarrhythmias present diagnostic and management challenges in operating theatres and intensive care units.
  • Increased sympathoadrenal system activity is a key factor in perioperative arrhythmia pathogenesis.
  • These arrhythmias can lead to sinus tachycardia, myocardial ischemia, and other adverse effects.

Purpose:

  • To review the basic electrophysiology and molecular pathophysiology of heart rhythm disturbances.
  • To propose a simplified therapeutic algorithm for perioperative tachyarrhythmias based on recent clinical studies.
  • To highlight the role of sympathetic nervous system stability in prevention and treatment.

Summary:

  • Sudden tachyarrhythmias in perioperative settings necessitate simple, effective, and safe treatment strategies.
  • The review covers electrophysiology and pathophysiology of heart rhythm disturbances.
  • Beta-blockers and amiodarone (Vaughan-Williams class III) are identified as optimal treatments for perioperative tachyarrhythmias.

Impact:

  • Provides a simplified therapeutic algorithm for managing perioperative tachyarrhythmias.
  • Recommends specific drug classes (beta-blockers, amiodarone) for optimal treatment.
  • Aims to reduce physician stress and improve patient outcomes during critical procedures.