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Structural transformations in zopiclone.

N Shankland1, W I David, K Shankland

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK G4 0NR. n.shankland@strath.ac.uk

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|September 21, 2002
PubMed
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Heating zopiclone dihydrate causes a two-step solid-state transformation. This process separates the enantiomers, forming either a racemic conglomerate or racemic twins.

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Pharmaceutical sciences

Background:

  • Zopiclone is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic agent.
  • Polymorphism and solid-state transformations are critical in drug development.
  • Understanding enantiomer separation is vital for chiral drug manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the solid-state thermal transformation of zopiclone dihydrate.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of enantiomer separation during heating.
  • To characterize the resulting solid forms.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction
  • Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD)
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
  • Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

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Main Results:

  • A monoclinic centrosymmetric form of zopiclone dihydrate was studied.
  • Heating induced a sequential, two-step solid-state transformation.
  • The transformation resulted in the separation of enantiomers into a racemic conglomerate or racemic twins.

Conclusions:

  • Zopiclone dihydrate undergoes enantiomeric separation upon heating via a distinct solid-state transformation pathway.
  • The study provides insights into chiral resolution strategies through solid-state chemistry.
  • Characterization of the transformation products is crucial for pharmaceutical applications.