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Related Experiment Videos

Dopamine affects basal and augmented pituitary hormone secretion.

W F Leebaw, L A Lee, P D Woolf

    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dopamine (DA) has complex effects on pituitary hormones. While it stimulates growth hormone (GH) release, it inhibits GH response to insulin hypoglycemia, prolactin (PRL) secretion, and luteinizing hormone (LH) release. Dopamine also lowers thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Hormone Regulation
    • Pituitary Physiology

    Background:

    • The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is known to regulate prolactin (PRL) secretion.
    • Its role in regulating other pituitary hormones remains controversial.
    • Understanding DA's broader pituitary effects is crucial for neuroendocrine research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of dopamine infusion on basal and stimulated pituitary hormone release in healthy males.
    • To clarify dopamine's role in the regulation of growth hormone (GH), PRL, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

    Main Methods:

    • Intravenous infusion of dopamine in six healthy adult males (ages 19-32).
    • Assessment of basal hormone levels and hormonal responses to insulin tolerance test (ITT), TRH, and GnRH.

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  • Measurement of GH, PRL, LH, FSH, TSH, cortisol, and plasma glucose levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Dopamine infusion caused a modest increase in basal GH but significantly inhibited the GH response to ITT.
    • DA suppressed basal PRL levels and abolished PRL responses to ITT and TRH.
    • DA inhibited the LH response to GnRH, lowered basal and TRH-stimulated TSH, but did not affect FSH, cortisol, or glucose levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Dopamine exhibits both stimulatory and inhibitory roles in GH secretion in humans.
    • DA inhibits PRL secretion and blunts the LH response to GnRH.
    • DA lowers both basal and TRH-mediated TSH release.