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Element size effect on phase aberration correction.

D L Donald Liu1

  • 1Siemens Medical Systems Ultrasound Group, Issaquah, WA 98029, USA. donald.liu@siemens.com

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
|September 24, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Finite element sizes in ultrasonic arrays cause residual phase error (RPE), impacting beamforming. Reducing element size minimizes RPE, but peak sidelobe levels in multi-row arrays vary unexpectedly with element size reduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Ultrasound Technology
  • Acoustic Engineering

Background:

  • Tissue distortion complicates ultrasonic beamforming, often modeled as a time-shifting screen.
  • Practical limitations necessitate finite-sized array elements, leading to residual phase error (RPE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of finite element size on RPE in ultrasonic beamforming.
  • To investigate the relationship between RPE, element size, and sidelobe levels in multi-row arrays.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical modeling of RPE magnitude based on imaging frequency, time-delay error, and element dimensions.
  • Simulations to evaluate peak sidelobe levels resulting from RPE with varying element sizes.
  • Analysis of RPE's spatial features and their effect on sidelobe reduction in multi-row arrays.

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Main Results:

  • RPE magnitude is influenced by imaging frequency, time-delay error, and element diagonal size, inversely proportional to correlation length.
  • Peak sidelobe level in N-row arrays scales approximately as N(-1), not the expected N(-2), due to reduced RPE magnitude and finer spatial features.
  • Reduced spatial correlation length of RPE does not yield further sidelobe reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Finite element size is a critical factor in RPE and subsequent beamforming quality.
  • The observed N(-1) scaling for sidelobe levels in multi-row arrays offers insights into phase aberration correction design.
  • Understanding RPE's behavior guides the optimization of multi-row array design for improved ultrasonic imaging.