Male contraception: the effect of d-norgestrel and testosterone enanthate on spermatogenesis--ultrastructural characteristics
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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Medium-throughput Screening Assays for Assessment of Effects on Ca2+-Signaling and Acrosome Reaction in Human Sperm
Published on: March 1, 2019
Abstract:
Electron microscopy was performed on testicular biopsies from men during a contraceptive regimen with d-norgestrel and testosterone enanthate. There was a considerable reduction of spermatogenesis, the seminiferous tubules being lined with a low epithelium of early spermatogenetic cells and only few late stages and spermatozoa. At the ultrastructural level, no qualitative changes could be observed in any of the tubular cells, a fact that seems to be of significance in contraception where any possible change should be entirely reversible.
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